WHY IS ZHANG ZHEHAN'S CASE A SOCIAL PROBLEM AND A HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATION?

When the people who are leading the fight for Zhang ZheHan's rehabilitation report that they are looking for social and procedural justice, and that it is not something to do with idol fandom, they have the main foundation to confirm their basis. After World War II in 1945, countries in the newly created United Nations Organization formulated articles so that no human being would have to go through the horror they saw during the conflict. Thus, in 1948, with 18 signatory countries, the "CHARTER OF RIGHTS" was presented to the world. China was among those countries that participated in the formulation of the articles. Today, all 198 countries that make up the UN have signed to respect what has become known as the UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS.

In its first article the declaration states that "all human beings are free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood." The joint action of the anti-payers and the water army to spread a false rumor already goes against this article, as long as it uses untrue information to harm someone. What took place on August 13, 2021 was a "virtual massacre", where the victim had no way to defend himself, because, the planners of the attack have free access to social media, photo taken in 2018 in Japan, where he went to attend a friend's wedding, was the arc for antis to start creating stories that Zhang went to the Yasuni Shrine, after he entered to worship the place. The shrine is one that also serves as a cemetery and in it are the remains of war convicts.

The date chosen for the attack was also a strategic choice, near the day of the Japanese surrender in WWII, the Asian countries suffered from the Japanese nation during the conflict causing misfortunes that "should not be forgotten" this phrase has a force because it was repeated by media on Weibo during August 13, suddenly, to attract the attention of passersby and thus bring a commotion.

A young actor, son, brother, friend, was from that moment on considered a "traitor", a word that was also used in the media and on Weibo accounts with a large number of people. On August 15, the China Performing Arts Association (CAPA) released a document that stripped Zhang ZheHan of his right to work in any area of entertainment, and demanded that all of his works be removed from all Chinese territory. Thus Weibo, the largest Chinese social network, deleted the actor's profile, as well as that of his studio. Zhang Zhehan's name became a taboo, people did not speak, people wished him dead, his family was attacked, his history was changed, the ultranationalist sentiment became a way to say they were patriots, slaughtering a fellow countryman without looking if all the facts were true.

Zhang received the charge, the trial and the sentence without having the slightest opportunity to defend himself. Within what the DUH[1] says in its 2ndart: "Everyone has the right to life, liberty and personal security." Another right lost by ZheHan as his freedom was taken away, when his name was banned in all terms, as he cannot register virtual accounts in his name, nor buy goods online (the only other human who cannot is Adolf Hitler), when people virtually (and we don't know if anyone personally tried to attack him) wished for his death, beatings, etc. People indirectly linked to Zhang ZheHan were also hit, his fans became virtually persecuted, those who tried to raise the voice of the feed even though they were not fans were silenced. The "condemnation" was not carried out by people deeply knowledgeable about history, but by those who used patriotism to "tap" the emotion of popular protection. Those who know the history, those who are knowledgeable about the laws, tried in the first moment to speak with the voice of criticality and reason, were silenced like Zhang.

In its articles 5 and 6 respectively the DUH says that "no one shall be subjected to torture or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment" and that "every human being has the right to be everywhere, recognized as a person before the law." In Zhang's case it is observed that both articles were disregarded, when talking about cruel treatment one is not necessarily talking about physical assault, today the schools of psychology's premise is that psychological aggression does far more harm than many physical assaults. When the victim in the Zhang case experienced the cruel reaction of Internet users, he was subjected to all sorts of inhumane forms of treatment. By losing his ability to buy something in his name online, to create online accounts in his name, he started to be recognized as a person before the society that now has a virtual status to know recognition as a participant of it, for, the current society recognizes the "citizen consumer" who does not consume ends up becoming invisible.

For three months all the antis hired were attacking any possibility of return to Zhang's virtual life, to the point that fake accounts of his pet dog were created to stimulate his fans that until now were "in their coffins as they called the silent period" trying to create a "war between fandons". Between quiet periods of attacks and ferocious ones those who were hired to destroy Zhang ZheHan's human rights had massive support Chinese social networks, run by a monopoly that only began to be observed by the internet passerby after November 23 when CAPA released its ninth list of "punishments" and Zhang's name was on it.

A film director and former military man and investigative journalist Li XueZheng on the same day started questioning why Zhang was on the list, asking questions such as: who made the list, who is on the committee that makes these lists, what are CAPA's prerogatives to put actors on their lists? With these simple questions Li started to investigate with the help of internet users who were also suspicious, his questioning and explanation videos, as for the hashtags created started to receive great visualization, Weibo removed numerous questioning posts from it, having to return them online from the moment Li questioned the reason for the removal.

From this moment on, it began to be revealed how the cyber bullying and defamation attacks not only affected Zhang and his family, but also affected countless people in society. Why did the trial and social condemnation held against Zhang ZheHan become a social problem?

2. ANYONE CAN BE THE NEXT ZHANG ZHEHAN

Li continued with his questions and many internet users, such as people connected to CAPA, started to inform him about events that showed that CAPA was acting in disagreement with the law. The China Performing Arts Association is a civil association linked to the Chinese Ministry of Culture and Tourism, it is not an official government body, and is allowed to "punish" its members, but has no authority to do so with non-members. Li asked if any of Zhang's relatives or friends would inform him that they would make their lawyers available to help him prove his innocence, so he ended up contacting Zhang's mother, at the beginning of December Li received a letter from Zhang's mother ZheHang.

The letter contains an account of all the drama that the actor and his family have been through, and talks about how a family that has many members belonging to the Chinese Communist Party can have its history changed. How psychologically her and Zhang's lives were affected to the point where thoughts of suicide crossed her mind. At one point in the letter, she cites that Zhang is afraid to leave the house, is unable to make online purchases on her behalf.

The discussion in sociological circles today says that the participant in society is welcomed as such when he is embedded in it. In the early moments of the 20th century, when labor rights were being won, to be a citizen was to have a formal job; today, with the globalized economy and the stimulation of consumption on the rise, to be a citizen is to have purchasing power, no matter how big it is. So when this right is taken away from you, you no longer belong to this society, becoming "invisible", or in Durkheim's (2002) view, an anomie. For Durkheim, all those who do not fit into the social role given to them is an anomie, because for him, society, like a human body, each one has a function, so that it can evolve.

By not losing his purchasing power, his job power, Zhang ZheHan became this anomie, but not only him, but two thousand people with the same name and surname who can no longer consume online in China. These people cannot register their own names on social networks, these people have become pariahs within their own country, for something that was created to harm someone in favor of others.

In some of the last two posts on Weibo Li reported that people in the middle are involved, in addition to CAPA, the competition. At this point we only go beyond cybercrime, human rights violation crime, and look at the social problem. After August 13, many people, whether famous or not, have been "exposed" on Weibo, many names have entered the hot news and some have been proven illegitimate, but the damage to these people's lives has already been done. Anyone can become the next Zhang, being judged by a photo, by lies created, by a popular swearing that does not analyze what it sees, but only "eats" what it is shown.

Society coexists based on a social pact, so it moves towards evolution, when this pact is broken, society finds itself collapsing from the inside out. Capital running an Internet sphere without a law that defines its rights and defenses, leads to a court without a specific law, which is right, it becomes the judge who has the most money, so Zhang's case becomes a social issue, the fact that he lost all his rights to "exist" virtually in a society run by the virtual world, was a form of violation of social rights. So any person not necessarily famous will be within the reach of this uncontrolled, can have his life invalidated by a people's court just through a photo, a vacation taken, or something he wrote.

This behavior violates not only civil rights, but it gives a feeling that the rule of law doesn't exist. If someone commits a crime, he is investigated, arrested, suffers a trial where the judge or jury will decide if he is guilty or innocent, and if convicted he will serve his sentence, but his rights are assured. Looking at what happened in August, you can see that Zhang ZheHan had all his rights terminated, not even the worst of criminals had this happen. So should one control the Internet so that this doesn't happen? No. Controlling the Internet would be the same crime that was committed against Zhang, but which happens, committed by the monopoly that controls the country's social networks.

When Li exposed that Zhang went to the police and the police accepted his case, Weibo started deleting the tags created about it. What does this mean? That the platform is strictly connected with CAPA, not only it but also others such as Bilibili that also do not allow anything connected with Zhang ZheHan to be posted. That is controlling people's lives, it shows you siding more with those guilty of the rights withdrawals than with a network that wants to protect the country. The moment you don't allow citizens to have their questions properly and you repress them and leave them silenced, isn't the media hurting the principles of the UDHR?

Looking at the whole process you are following and seeing how these ynx bills and water exercise are detrimental to the peaceful coexistence of the social environment and have become a weapon for people to harm others for their benefit turns the problem that Zhang into a social problem, anyone can go through this. So stopping is the solution, restoring Zhang's reputation and properly investigating CAPA is one way forward. The procedural and criminal justice to try the guilty and make them pay according to the law is another way to go

CONCLUSION

Zhang ZheHan a 30 years old Chinese citizen, actor, singer, son, brother, uncle, idol, fan, etc., is a victim of violation of Human and Social Rights that needs to have his life and dignity returned. For this, Justice and the police as a whole need to be impartial and investigate all the attacks and who coordinated them in an unrestricted way.

Capital and competition within the Chinese Entertainment medium was the initial step for the whole event, but control over what people should pay attention to is the most dangerous, controlling public opinion from national or any other emotions and suffering is dangerous as people become an indirect jury and even a judge and executioner of their own countrymen. A person cannot be judged without evidence, a person cannot be condemned from the emotions of passersby, and capital cannot use this to firm up the power of who lives and who dies in society.

A social being is one who lives in common with others, despite differences in lives and behavior. If society judges, condemns and kills without seeking the virtual truth, one day it will do the same in physical life. To defend human and social rights is to know that everyone will have the right to the greatest good, life, and with it comes other rights acquired after many lives taken by the sense of feeling superior.

By judging Zhang ZheHan guilty for taking pictures in the Cherry Tree Park, how many other Chinese will have to suffer the same penalty? Well, he was not the only and last one to go, from the moment that television, books tell you to go, how will you judge wrong something from your country? The question can only be answered when you look at the whole and not only at one point. Zhang ZheHan is innocent, a victim of cyberbullying, capital and virtual criminals, he deserves justice and his life restored. And society needs to learn that melons don't always come sweet, it is not your role to judge that is for justice and its laws.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

DURKHEIM, Emile. Sociology Lessons. São Paulo. Martins Fontes, 2002.

DURKHEIM, Emile. Education and Sociology. São Paulo. Improvements, 1978.

UNITED NATIONS ORGANIZATION. UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS. Paris, 1948.

[1] DUH - UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS

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